368 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES
B. R EPRESENTATION IN THE E XECUTIVE
This question raises three points :
(i) The quantum of representation in the Executive;
(ii) The nature of the Executive ;
(iii) The method of filling the places in the Executive.
(i) Quantum of Representation
For the solution of this question, the principle which should be adopted is that the representation of the Hindus, the Muslims and the Scheduled Castes should be equal to the quantum of their representation in the Legislature.
With regard to the other minorities such as the Sikhs, Indian Christians and Anglo-Indians, it is difficult to give them representation in the Executive in strict proportion to their representation in the Legislature. This difficulty arises largely from the smallness of their numbers. If they are to get representation in the Executive in exact proportion to their numbers, the Executive would have to be enlarged to a fantastic degree. All that can be done, therefore, is to reserve a seat or two for them in the Cabinet for their representation and to establish a convention that they will get a fail portion of representation in the corps of Parliamentary Secretaries that will have to be raised, when the new Constitution comes into existence.
(ii) Nature of the Executive
In the Constitution of the Executive, I would propose the adoption of following principles :
(1) It must be recognised that in a country like India where there is a perpetual antipathy between the majority and the minorities and on which account the danger of communal discrimination by majority against minorities forms an ever-present menace to the minorities, the executive power assumes far greater importance than the legislative power.
(2) In view of (1) above, the system under which a party which has secured a majority at the poll is deemed entitled to form a Government on the presumption that it has the confidence of the majority is untenable in Indian conditions. The majority in India is a communal majority and not a political majority. That being the difference, the presumption that arises in England cannot be regarded as a valid presumption in the conditions of India.
(3) The Executive should cease to be a Committee of the majority party in the Legislature. It should be so constituted that it will have its mandate not only from the majority but also from the minorities in the Legislature.
(4) The Executive should be non-Parliamentary in the sense that it shall not be removeable before the term of the Legislature.
(5) The Executive should be Parliamentary in the sense that the members of the Executive shall be chosen from the members of the