84 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES
It occurs in Gatha Ushtavaiti—Yasna Ha 45 Stanza 2 in the same form as above Varena in the clear sense of faith, religion, belief, etc. In this stanza, Zarathushtra is propounding his philosophy of good and evil and speaking of dual aspects of human mind. In this stanza, the two mentalities—the good mentality and the evil mentality—are speaking to each other saying “Neither in thought, word, intelligence, faith (or religion or creed) utterance, deed, conscience nor soul do we agree.”
It occurs in Gatha Spenta Mainyu,—Yasna Ha 48 Stanza 4 in the form of Vareneng meaning religion, faith (root Vere Persian gervidan = to have faith in). In this stanza Zarathushtra says that “Whosoever will make his mind pure and holy and thus keep his conscience pure by deed and word, such man’s desire is in accordance with his faith (religion, belief).”
It occurs in Gatha Spenta Mainyu,—Yasna Ha 49 Stanza 3 as Varenai in dative case meaning ‘religion’. In the same stanza occurs the word Thaeshai which also means religion, creed, religious law. These two words Varenai and Tkaesha occurring in the same stanza strengthens our argument, as the word Tkaesha clearly means religion as is found in the compound Ahuratkaesha meaning ‘The Ahurian religion’. This word Tkaesha is translated in Pahlavi as Kish which means religion.
In Vendidad (a book of Zarathushtrian sanitary law written in Avesta language) we come across a word Anyo Varena. Here Anyo means other and Varena means religion, thus a man of different religion, faith, belief is spoken of as Anyo-Varena. Similarly, we come across in Vendidad the word Anyo-Tkaesha also meaning a man of different religion.
We come across many verbal forms in the Gatha derived from this root, e.g., Ahunavaiti Gatha Yasna Ha, 31, Stanza 3. Zarathushtra declares Ya jvanto vispeng vauraya; here the verb vauraya means I may cause to induce belief, faith (in God) (in all the living ones). In Yasna Ha, 28: Stanza 5, we come across the verb vauroimaidi, ‘We may give faith to.’ We come across another interesting form of this word in Gatha Vahishtaishtish, Yasna Ha, 53, Stanza 9 Duz- Varenaish. It is instrumental plural. The first part Duz means wicked, false and Varenai means believer. Thus the word means “A man belonging to false or wicked religion or a false or wicked believer.”
In the Zarathushtrian Confession of Faith, which forms Yasna Ha, we come across the word Fravarane meaning ‘I confess my faith,