THE UNTOUCHABLES : UNTOUCHABILITY AMONG HINDUS 265
Irika. Mala. Panchama.
Jaggali. Mang. Panka
Kandra. Mangan. Relli.
Katia. Mehra, or Mahar. Sapari.
Kela. Mehtar, or Bhangi. Satnami.
Kodalo. Mochi or Muchi. Siyal.
Madari. Paidi. Valmiki.
Madiga. Painda.
Mahuria. Pamidi.
(2) Throughout the Province except in the Khondmals district, the district of Sambalpur and the areas transferred to Orissa under the provisions of the Government of India (Constitution of Orissa) Order,
1936, from the Vizagapatam and Ganjam Agencies in the Presidency of Madras : Pan, or Pano.
(3) Throughout the Province except in the Khondmals district and the areas so transferred to Orissa from the said Agencies : Dom, or Dambo.
(4) Throughout the Province except in the district of Sambalpur :
Bauro. Bhumij. Turi.
Bhuiya. Ghasi, or Ghasia.
(5) In the Nawapara sub-division of the district of Sambalpur : Kori. Nagarchi. Pradhan. This is a very terrifying list. It includes 429 communities. Reduced to numbers it means that today there exist in India 50-60 millions of people whose mere touch causes pollution to the Hindus. Surely, the phenomenon of Untouchability among primitive and ancient society pales into insignificance before this phenomenon of hereditary Untouchability for so many millions of people which we find in India. This type of Untouchability among Hindus stands in a class by itself. It has no parallel in the history of the world. It is unparalleled not merely by reason of the colossal numbers involved which exceed the number of great many nations in Asia and in Europe but also on other grounds.
There are some striking features of the Hindu system of Untouchability affecting the 429 Untouchable communities which are not to be found in the custom of Untouchability as observed by Non- Hindu communites, primitive or ancient.
The isolation prescribed by Non-Hindu societies as a safeguard against defilement, if it is not rational, is at least understandable. It