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126 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES
which cause injury or injustice to others. Good ways are those by which the individual earns his livelihood without causing injury or injustice to others. This is Samma Ajivo. II
“ Samma Vyayamo (Right Endeavour) is primary endeavour to remove Avijja ; to reach the door that leads out of this painful prison house, to swing it open.
“Right endeavour has four purposes.
“One is to prevent states of mind which are in conflict with the Ashtangamarga.
“Second is to suppress such states of mind which may already have arisen.
“Third is to bring into existence states of mind which will help a man to fulfil the requirements of the Ashtangamarga.
“Fourth is to promote the further growth and increase of such states of mind as already may have arisen.
“ Samma Satti calls for mindfulness and thoughtfulness. It means constant wakefulness of the mind. Watch and ward by the mind over the evil passions is another name for Samma Satti.
“There are, ye Parivrajakas, five fetters or hindrances which come in the way of a person trying to achieve Samma Ditti, Samma Sankappo, Samma Vacca, Samma Kamanto, Samma Ajeevo, Samma Vyayamo and Samma Satti.
“These five hindrances are covetousness, ill-will, sloth and torpor, doubt and indecision. It is, therefore, necessary to overcome these hindrances which are really fetters and the means to overcome them is through Samadhi. But know ye Parivrajakas, Samma Samadhi is not the same as Samadhi. It is quite different.
“ Samadhi is mere concentration. No doubt it leads to Dhyanic states which are self-induced, holding the five hindrances in suspense.
“But these Dhyana states are temporary. Consequently the suspension of the hindrances is also temporary. What is necessary is a permanent turn