PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES 859
problems. Also they should have the right to appeal to the Governor to set aside any act of injustice that might have been done to any one section. I think, if these three things are done, we should be able to keep the States as they are, at any rate in the first stage. If ultimately we find that we do not succeed even with these measures, then fate may take us to the logical extreme end, namely, to have a linguistic State.
Sir, in the case of creation of linguistic States, in my judgement there appear to me to be two considerations. One is that the linguistic State must be a viable State. It may be that this is a small State which has got a culture and which has got a language and which has got a separate feeling and an entity. Yet it is so small that it cannot find the means of carrying on its Administration. People do not live on culture. People do not live on language. People live on the resources that they possess. But if God has given them culture and God has given them language but God has not given them the resource, I am afraid they cannot have the luxury of having a separate linguistic State, The second thing is this. It is only in our country that we find that linguistic provinces create difficulty. I would like to ask the question as to why there are no difficulties in Switzerland although Switzerland itself is a multilingual unit. The Cantons have French, German and Italian. Yet they are a very happy nation and they are the most prosperous nation today. Why is it that Switzerland has no provinces although it is a multi-lingual unit ? The answer which I can give is this that linguism in Switzerland is not loaded with communalism. But in our country linguism is only another name for communalism. What happens when you create a linguistic province is that you hand over the strings of Administration to one single community which happens to be the majority community and I can cite many provinces where this is likely to happen. That community charged with a feeling of its own sacred existence begins to practise the worst kind of communalism which otherwise is called discrimination. Discrimination creates injustice and injustice creates ill-feeling. If our linguism was not charged with communalism our linguism would not be a danger to